Monensin Toxicosis in Camels Reared in Egypt: Updating Clinical and Clinicopathological Investigations

An acute and sub acute onset of illness were reported in a camel ranch in Egypt after accidental feeding a claimed newly imported broiler finisher concentrate containing ionophore monensin sodium with concentration (100mg/kg feed), So this work was carried out to study the alterations in clinical and clinicopathological pictures in victim camels with acute illness (6) and sub acute illness (9). Clinical observations were recorded and blood and urine samples were taken from all victim camels for clinicopathological analysis. Victim camels showed signs of acute heart failure with significant increase in respiratory rate, heart rate, muscular tremors, staggering and falling with lateral recumbancy in acute cases while sub acute cases showed signs of congestive heart failure, S.C edema in the area extended from the prepuce toward umbilicus and varying degree of myoglobulinuria. Clinicopathological picture showed significant elevations in PCV, AST, CPK and LDH (p≤0.001), hypocalcaemia, and hyperphosphatemia i.e disturbance in Ca: P ratio..Urinalysis revealed severe myoglobinuria with chocolate brown discoloration of urine in acute toxicosis and red brown discoloration in sub acute cases. We can concluded that acute and sub acute monensin toxicosis in camels characterized by signs of heart failure, elevation in serum muscle enzymes, hemoconcenteration and myoglobinuria.